铁路危险品货场中人体静电放电隐患的测量与评估

根据人体静电的基本理论,人体的对地静电电位、电容和电阻是静电放电隐患的3个主要评估参数,也是建立静电危害模型的关键参数。笔者结合实际测量数据,对铁路危险品货场中人体静电放电的隐患进行了分析与评估,并探讨了其危害机理,提出了流动人体模型和人体—老虎车模型,给出了模型参数的数值。基于实测数据和放电模型分析的评估结果表明:在铁路危险品货场中,源于人体静电放电的静电电击和静电引爆两个隐患不容忽视;与基于实测数据的直接评估结果相比,人体—老虎车模型得出的评估结论是静电放电隐患,更值得关注。

Measurement and Evaluation of Hidden Danger of Human Body Electro Static Discharge in Railway Freight Yard of Dangerous Materials

According to the basic theory of human body electrostatic discharge, electric potential, capacity, and resistance of human body are three dominate parameters used to evaluate its hidden danger, and key parameters for establishing the hazard model. Referring to measured data, the hidden danger of human body electrostatic discharge in railway freight yard of dangerous materials was analyzed and evaluated, and its hazardous mechanisms discussed. The quartering-deck human body model and human body“tiger-vehicles”model were put forward, and parameter values provided. The evaluated results based on measured data and model analysis showed that the electrostatic-shock and electrostatic ignition and blast resulted from human body electrostatic discharge could not be ignored. In comparison with direct evaluation from measured data, the evaluated conclusion based on the body “tiger-vehicles” model is that the danger would be more noticeable.