中国穿山甲资源现状及保护对策

论文对世界上穿山甲资源的种类、分布及其资源价值、价格和国内外贸易情况作了一般性的介绍,重点论述了我国穿山甲的资源现状、资源濒危原因及应采取的保护对策。指出:我国现有穿山甲资源量估计仅为50000～100000头,资源数量已大为下降,然而年需求量却高达200000头,供求矛盾十分突出。造成资源濒危的主要原因是利用过度、栖息地破坏、外来种入侵、穿山甲遗传性能衰竭。建议采取以就地保护为主的对策,建立穿山甲自然保护区,同时积极开展穿山甲人工驯养,加强药用穿山甲代用品的研究,以减轻对野生资源的捕捉压力,解决保护和利用的矛盾,为迁地保护作前期准备。还建议积极创造条件开展穿山甲离体保护技术的研究。

The status and conservation strategy of pangolin resource in China

In this paper,a brief introduction is given to the resource types,geographic distribu-tion,resource value and price,international and domestic trade situation of pangolins in the world,with the focus on the resource status quo of pangolin in China,the causes for its decline,and protective measures that should be taken.At present the number of wild pangolin in China is es-timated to be somewhere between50000and100000.Although China's pangolin resource has decreased greatly,the annual domestic demand has reached as high as200000.The contradic-tion between supply and demand is very sharp.It is argued that the decline of pangolin resources is mostly due to overexploitation,habitat destruction,alien species' intrusion,and genetic dete-rioration.Measures should be taken to protect pangolin primitive habitat(on-site conservation),es-tablish natural reserves for pangolin,carry out research on domesticating techniques,search ac-tively for the substitutes for pangolin in medical uses.The purposes are to relieve the pressure on natural resource,reconcile the conflict between conservation and utilization,and prepare for off-site conservation.It is suggested that conditions be created to study the technology for the protec-tion of pangolin in vitro.