一种排污权初始分配结构设计框架

作为一种新型环境政策,排污权交易在美国已经成功地演进为总量控制型排污权交易,这被认为是最接近市场经济的环境管理手段。在国内,排污权交易也日益受到政府的重视。自1988年以来,中国的许多地方都先后试点了排污权交易,但多停留在补偿政策,很少有关于总量控制型排污权交易的尝试。在政策设计的技术层面,造成这种状况的一个主要原因是缺乏有效的排污权初始分配结构设计框架。为此,在区域清洁激励市场计划排污权初始分配结构的基础上,针对渐进式减排战略指导下的总量控制型排污权交易计划,分纵向结构设计和横向结构设计两部分,提出了一种具有通用性的排污权初始分配结构设计框架。这有助于合理进行排污权初始分配。

A Design Framework for Initial Allocation of Emission Rights

As a new environmental policy,emission trading in the United States has successfully evolved into cap-and-trade policy.This policy is considered to be closest to market economy in the environment management means.In China,the government also pays more attention to emission trading.Since 1988,the emission trading pilots have been practised in many places.Most of these pilots were in the form of offset policy.However,cap-and-trade policy rarely has been attempted.In technical aspects of policy design,one main reason is lack of the effective design framework for initial allocation structure of emission rights.Therefore,based on the RECLAIM program,a universal design framework for initial allocation structure of emission rights is developed.According to the progressive emission reduction strategy,this design framework is divided into horizontal structure and vertical structure.Thus,the initial allocation of emission rights can be reasonably accomplished.