相邻木结构建筑火灾蔓延临界值研究*

为研究相邻木结构建筑火灾由已燃建筑传递至未燃建筑的临界值，利用突变理论与数值模拟分别研究相同条件下贵州省典型木结构建筑火灾发展过程中发生突变现象的临界值，并采用实验手段对前2种方法所测得的结果进行验证，从而证明尖点突变理论在相邻木结构建筑火灾蔓延临界值预测中的可行性与有效性。建立描述相邻木结构建筑火灾发展过程的能量守恒方程，通过对能量守恒方程的推导，得到相邻木结构建筑火灾突变势函数。结果表明:在相邻木结构建筑火灾发展过程中，火焰由已燃建筑传递至未燃建筑这一过程具有尖点突变的特征，计算出的火灾蔓延临界值为892.2 K；根据数值模拟找到已燃建筑传递至未燃建筑的状态，此时的临界值为881.5 K:2组简易实验测得的临界温度分别为903.2，889.8 K，与突变理论预测值和数值模拟结果相比，3种方法误差不大，因此可认为利用尖点突变对相邻木结构建筑火灾突变临界值进行预测具有可行性。

Study on critical value of fire spread in adjacent wooden structure buildings

In order to study the critical value of fire transfer from the burned building to the unburned building for the adjacent wooden structure buildings,the catastrophe theory and numerical simulation were respectively used to study the critical value of catastrophe phenomenon during the development process of typical wooden structure building fire in Guizhou Province under the same conditions,and the results of the above two methods were verified by the experimental means,so as to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the cusp catastrophe theory in predicting the critical value of fire spread in adjacent wooden structure buildings.The energy conservation equation describing the fire development process of adjacent wooden structure buildings was established.Through the derivation of the energy conservation equation,the catastrophe potential function of adjacent wooden structure buildings fire was obtained.The results showed that during the development process of adjacent wooden structure buildings fire,the process of flame transferring from burned building to unburned building had the characteristic of cusp catastrophe,and the calculated critical value of fire spread was 892.2 K.According to the numerical simulation,the state of fire transfer from burned building to unburned building was found,and the critical value was 881.5 K.The critical temperatures measured by two simple experiments were 903.2 K and 889.8 K,respectively.Compared with the predicted value of catastrophe theory and numerical simulation results,the error of the three methods was small,so it could be considered that it is feasible to use cusp catastrophe to predict the critical value of fire catastrophe for the adjacent wooden structure buildings.