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An international comparative study of end-of-life vehicle (ELV) recycling systems |
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| Authors: | Shin-ichi Sakai Hideto Yoshida Jiro Hiratsuka Carlo Vandecasteele Regina Kohlmeyer Vera Susanne Rotter Fabrizio Passarini Alessandro Santini Maria Peeler Jinhui Li Gil-Jong Oh Ngo Kim Chi Lawin Bastian Stephen Moore Natsuko Kajiwara Hidetaka Takigami Takaaki Itai Shin Takahashi Shinsuke Tanabe Keijiro Tomoda Takashi Hirakawa Yasuhiro Hirai Misuzu Asari Junya Yano |
| Affiliation: | 1. Kyoto University Environment Preservation Research Center, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan 2. Japan Environment Safety Corporation, JESCO, Tokyo, Japan 3. Ministry of the Environment, Tokyo, Japan 4. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 5. Federal Environment Agency, UBA, Berlin, Germany 6. Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany 7. Department of Industrial Chemistry and Materials, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 8. Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction, Washington State Department of Ecology, Olympia, WA, USA 9. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 10. Resource Recirculation Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Seoul, Korea 11. Union for Scientific Research and Production on Chemical Engineering-VAST, Hanoi, Vietnam 12. Ministry of Environment, Jakarta, Indonesia 13. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia 14. National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan 15. Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan 16. Towa Technology Co, Higashihiroshima, Japan 17. Towa Environment Science Co, Higashihiroshima, Japan |
| Abstract: | End-of-life vehicles (ELV) have become a global concern as automobiles have become popular worldwide. An international workshop was held to gather data and to discuss 3R policies and ELV recycling systems, their background and present situation, outcomes of related policies and programs, the framework of recycling and waste management, and case studies on related topics in several countries and regions, as well as the essential points of the comparison. Legislative ELV recycling systems are established in the EU, Japan, Korea, and China, while in the US, ELV recycling is managed under existing laws on environmental protection. Since automobile shredding residue (ASR) has a high calorific value and ash content, and includes heavy metals as well as a mass of unclassified fine particles, recycling ASR is considered highly difficult. Countries with a legislative ELV system commonly set a target for recovery rates, with many aiming for more than 95 % recovery. In order to reach this target, higher efficiency in ASR recovery is needed, in addition to material recycling of collectable components and metals. Environmentally friendly design was considered necessary at the planning and manufacturing stages, and the development of recycling systems and techniques in line with these changes are required for sound ELV management. |
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