黔中喀斯特区典型土地利用类型的土壤亲合性元素特征

为阐明黔中喀斯特区不同土地利用类型的土壤亲合性元素特征，揭示土地利用对矿质元素的影响效应，促进农业可持续发展，本研究以玉米（Zea mays）、柚木（Tectona）、火龙果（Hylocereus undulatus）、花椒（Zanthoxylum bugeanum）、金银花（Lonicera japonica）、核桃（Juglans regia）6种典型土地利用类型土壤为对象，测定土壤Fe、Ca、Cu等23种矿质元素含量，探讨不同亲合性元素的变化特征，分析元素间的互作效应。结果表明：（1）黔中喀斯特区各亲合性元素在不同土地利用类型之间的变化规律存在差异，玉米地土壤亲铁、亲铜元素含量较丰富，金银花群落土壤亲铜、亲气元素含量较高，核桃林土壤利于亲气、亲石元素积累，花椒林土壤亲石元素含量较高；（2）不同元素间的关联程度不同，Mn、Ca、Al与其他元素的关系较密切。黔中石漠化区可通过补充土壤铁、硫元素，改善通气性等措施调控矿质元素含量。

Characteristics of Soil Affinity Elements of Typical Land Use Types in the Rocky Desertification Area of Central Guizhou

To clarify characteristics of soil affinity elements in soils of different landuse types in the karst area of central Guizhou, to reveal effects of landuses on mineral elements, and to promote the sustainable development of agriculture, soils of six typical landuse types, Zea Mays, Tectona, Hylocoreus undulatus, Zanthoxylum bugeanum, Lonicera japonica, and Juglans regia, were sampled and used as research subjects in the study. The contents of 23 mineral elements, such as Fe, Ca, and Cu, in soil were determined to discuss the variation characteristics of different affinity elements and to analyze the interaction effects between elements. It was found that the variation rules of different affinity elements in soils of different landuse types in the karst area of central Guizhou varied:contents of siderophile elements and chalocophile elements in soils of Zea Mays were relatively high, contents of chalocophile elements and atmophile elements in soils of Lonicera japonica were relatively high, contents of lithophile elements in soils of Zanthoxylum bugeanum were relatively high, and soils of Juglans regia tended to accumulate of atmophile elements and lithophile elements; the association degrees of different elements also varied, for instance, Mn, Ca and Al were closely related to other elements. The contents of mineral elements in soils of the central Guizhou rocky desertification area can be controlled by adding Fe and S or/and improving air permeability of soil.