Distribution of chlorpyrifos in rice paddy environment and its potential dietary risk |
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Authors: | Yan Fu Feifei Liu Chenglin Zhao Ying Zhao Yihua Liu Guonian Zhu |
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Institution: | 1 Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China;2 Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fuyang 311400, China |
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Abstract: | Chlorpyrifos is one of the most extensively used insecticides in China. The distribution and residues of chlorpyrifos in a paddy environment were characterized under field and laboratory conditions. The half-lives of chlorpyrifos in the two conditions were 0.9–3.8 days (field) and 2.8–10.3 days (laboratory), respectively. The initial distribution of chlorpyrifos followed the increasing order of water < straw < soil, and soil was characterized as the major absorber. The ultimate residues in rice grain were below the maximum residue limit (MRL) with a harvest interval of 14 days. The chronic exposure for chlorpyrifos was rather low compared to the acceptable daily intake (ADI = 0.01 mg/kg bw) due to rice consumption. The chronic exposure risk from chlorpyrifos in rice grain was 5.90% and 1.30% ADI from field and laboratory results respectively. Concerning the acute dietary exposure, intake estimated for the highest chlorpyrifos level did not exceed the acute reference dose (ARfD = 0.1 mg/kg bw). The estimated short-term intakes (ESTIs) were 0.78% and 0.25% of the ARfD for chlorpyrifos. The results showed that the use of chlorpyrifos in rice paddies was fairly safe for consumption of rice grain by consumers. |
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Keywords: | Chlorpyrifos Distribution Paddy environment Dietary risk assessment |
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