Crash rates over time among younger and older drivers in the SHRP 2 naturalistic driving study |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710 Rockledge 3166, Bethesda, MD 20852-7510, United States;2. The Emmes Company, 401 N. Washington St, Suite 700, Rockville, MD 20850, United States;3. Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Virginia Tech, 3500 Transportation Research Plaza, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States;4. Glotech, 6710 Rockledge 3166, Bethesda, MD 20852-7510, United States;1. Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany;2. Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;3. BMW Group, 80788 München, Germany;1. Traffic Research Unit, Cognitive Science, University of Helsinki, Finland;2. Transportation Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Waikato, New Zealand;1. North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, United States;2. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States;3. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia & University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, United States;4. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, United States;1. Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research & Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), 120 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia;2. School of Criminology and Criminal Justice and Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University (GU), Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt, QLD, 4122, Australia |
| |
| Abstract: | Objective: To examine crash rates over time among 16–17-year-old drivers compared to older drivers. Methods: Data were from a random sample of 854 of the 3,500 study participants in SHRP 2, a U.S. national, naturalistic driving (instrumented vehicle) study. Crashes/10,000 miles by driver age group, 3-month period, and sex were examined within generalized linear mixed models. Results: Analyses of individual differences between age cohorts indicated higher incidence rates in the 16–17-year old cohort relative to older age groups each of the first four quarters (except the first quarter compared to 18–20 year old drivers) with incident rate ratios (IRR) ranging from 1.98 to 18.90, and for the full study period compared with drivers 18–20 (IRR = 1.69, CI = 1.00, 2.86), 21 to 25 (IRR = 2.27, CI = 1.31, 3.91), and 35 to 55 (IRR = 4.00, CI = 2.28, 7.03). Within the 16–17-year old cohort no differences were found in rates among males and females and the decline in rates over the 24-month study period was not significant. Conclusions: The prolonged period of elevated crash rates suggests the need to enhance novice young driver prevention approaches such as Graduated Driver’s Licensing limits, parent restrictions, and post-licensure supervision and monitoring. Practical Applications: Increases are needed in Graduated Driver’s Licensing limits, parent restrictions, and postlicensure supervision and monitoring. |
| |
| Keywords: | Adolescents Risk Age Epidemiology GLM Individual differences |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
