工伤保险风险分类及风险分类表研究

以风险理论为基础,笔者对工伤保险费率确定中风险分类的作用、分类的原则,风险分类表的定义、组成及其制定规则进行了研究,并将风险分类表分为3类,即行业风险分类表、行为风险分类表和混合风险分类表,目前许多发达国家多采用第三种类型。对建立风险分类表的相关因素进行了分析,在此基础上对我国工伤保险分类表的建立与完善提出一些建议。例如,针对制定风险分类表的规则;风险类目要不断修正;我国工伤保险分类表比较粗略,缺乏一定的科学依据,不符合风险分类的促进事故预防和损失控制的基本原则,提出最好能考虑使用“混合风险分类表”,对企业中特殊岗位采用一个或多个分类号。

Study on Risk Categorization of Occupational Injury Insurance and Table of Risk Categorization

Based on the risk theory, the function and rule of risk categorization in determining the premium rate of the occupational injury insurance are studied as well as the definition, composition and the rule of making the table of risk categorization. There are three kinds of table of risk categorization, i.e. industry risk categorization table, behavior risk categorization table and comprehensive risk categorization table. At present, many developed countries adopt the third one. Relevant factors in establishing the risk categorization table are analyzed, from which suggestions about how to establish and perfect the risk categorization table in China are made. The points indicated, for instance, are such as the rules for establishing the risk categorization table, continuous revision of the risk categorizing items, comparative roughness in current categorization table in China, and not in compliance with the fundamental principle of risk categorization in promoting accident prevention and damage control. The best way is to adopt the comprehensive risk categorization table, and for those special job posts to adopt one or more categorization numbers.