流域水质资源有偿使用机制的思考

阐述了水质资源的基本概念和水质资源计价原则及定价方法，介绍了恢复成本法作为水质资本定价方法和确定水质资本核算函数和曲线的步骤。〖JP2〗然后从有偿使用与生态补偿的概念、使用权和所有权以及支付方式3个方面对二者进行比较，指出有偿使用体制可实现水质资源使用权与国家所有权分离，从而可构成市场主体的财产权。基于以上概念和方法，从分析东江水源区的优质水保护与东江供水的关系入手，指出实行水质资源有偿使用的迫切性和重要性，从实现社会公平和完善市场机制两方面分析有偿使用的必要性，并提出了有偿使用机制的若干建议。

MECHANISMS FOR THE PAID USE OF WATER QUALITY RESOURCES IN DRAINAGE BASIN

The paper introduced the concept of water quality resource and its pricing principle and method，and the reverting cost method as rule for water quality pricing.Also，the steps in evaluating the function and curvilinear of water quality asset were confirmed.Because of the difference between paid use and ecological compensation，the authors pointed out the mechanisms for the paid use in order to achieve the separation of water quality resource usufruct and national property.Based on the analysis of the relationship between high quality water resource conservation of headwater area of Dongjiang and Dongjiang water supply，the authors pointed out the urgency and significance on carrying out the mechanism of paid use of water quality. The necessity of the paid use of water quality was also analyzed based on the realization of social justice and the perfection of market mechanism.Certain suggestions for the paid use of water quality were put forward at last.