基于高分辨率MARGA数据分析石家庄PM2.5成分谱特征

利用MARGA离子在线分析仪ADI 2080于2014年8月21日~9月23日在石家庄市气象局楼顶开展了PM2.5组分连续观测试验,结合气象、环境监测资料对其进行了相关分析,结果表明:8种气溶胶水溶性离子质量浓度总和与石家庄市PM2.5浓度保持高度一致,二次离子SO42-、NH4+、NO3-占水溶性离子总和的88.4%,是石家庄PM2.5的主要组分,SO42-质量浓度在水溶性离子中所占比例最大,随气温的升高而增加,随湿度的增大有所下降,NO3-则相反,随湿度的增大所占比例增加明显;能见度随水溶性离子质量浓度增加呈幂函数快速下降,二次离子SO42-、NH4+、NO3-质量浓度与盛行风向和工业区布局、太行山地形有关,浓度最大的风向为东北风,最小的为偏西风;SO42-、NO3-的气态前体物SO2、NO2气相、液相转化率SOR、NOR均随着湿度增大而增大,SOR与湿度关系更密切,NOR受辐射影响日变化呈单峰型;Ca2+做为建筑材料的标识元素,干燥的晴天及偏西风影响下质量浓度较大,在该种天气型下需注意控尘.

Analysis of PM2.5 spectrum characteristics in Shijiazhuang based on high resolution MARGA data

The composition of PM2.5 was on-line monitored using MARGA IC Analyzer ADI 2080 on the top of ShiJiaZhuang meteorology bureau building from August 21 to September 23, 2014 continuously. These on-line data were analyzed conjointly with meteorological data and other routine environmental monitoring data. Sum of concentration of 8water-soluble ions was in consistent with that contained in PM2.5 in Shijiazhuang, of which SO42-, NH4+ and NO3- accounted for 88.4%, indicating that they are the major components of PM2.5. The proportion of soluble SO42- was the largest. Its abundance raised with the increasing temperature and decreasing humidity. On the contrary, the soluble NO3- raised with the increasing humidity. The proportion of NH4+ was relatively stable. Visibility declined in terms of power function with the increase of the water-soluble ions above. The concentration of SO42-, NH4+ and NO3- were affected by prevailing wind direction, industrial layout and mountain terrain. The largest contribution to the local concentration was northeast wind, while the west contributed the smallest. SOR and NOR of the precursor gas content (SO2, NO2) of SO42-, NO3- increased along with humidity. SOR was more closely associated with humidity. Daily NOR was in unimodal pattern due to daily radiation variation. The concentration of Ca2+, as an indicator of building material, was higher in dry sunny day especially with the influence of west wind, indicating that construction dust should be controlled during that kind of weather.