天津市各区县PM2.5污染工业行业贡献构成分析

应用MM5/CMAQ模型,选取1月和7月作为冬、夏两季的典型代表月份,采用源开关法,将天津市工业源分为8大类,模拟分析不同季节下,各类源对天津市各区县的PM2.5污染贡献.结果表明,热力供应是各区县冬季PM2.5污染的首要贡献源,贡献比例约为50%以上,而石油加工和化工制造是夏季各区县PM2.5污染贡献的一个重要来源,贡献比例从冬季的7%上升到夏季的23%;在冬夏两季,黑色金属冶炼和水泥制造是构成天津市PM2.5污染的重要来源,合计分别约占工业污染贡献比重的30%和65%;此外,除蓟县外,电力生产在冬夏两季均不是各区县PM2.5的主要贡献来源.从具体区县看,水泥制造对河北、北辰、红桥等区县有较大影响,化工制造对宁河及滨海新区有较大影响,电力生产则对蓟县有较大影响.

Modeling studies of industrial sector contributions to PM2.5 pollution in different districts of Tianjin

The air-quality model CMAQ/MM5 was used to investigate the contributions of various industrial sectors to PM2.5 pollution in different districts of Tianjin, China. Model simulations were conducted for January and July to represent typical winter and summer season, respectively. Known industrial sources were grouped into eight categories and “Zero-out” approach was used to identify the contributions of each category to PM2.5. Model results suggested that heating industry contributed most in winter in every district of Tianjin, accounting for more than 50% of the total PM2.5. Contributions from petroleum refinery and chemical manufacturing accounted for 7% of PM2.5 in winter and 23% in summer, and contributions from ferrous-metals smeltering and cement manufacturing accounted for 30% in summer and 65% in winter. Power plant industry was identified only as a minor contributor in both winter and summer among all the districts except Jixian. Geographical variations were found, for example, cement manufacturing was a major contributor in Hebei, Beic-hen, and Honqiao district, and chemical manufacturing was a major contributor in Ninghe and Binhai new area.