Genetic Bottlenecks Driven by Population Disconnection |
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Authors: | THOMAS BROQUET SONIA ANGELONE JULIE JAQUIERY PIERRE JOLY JEAN‐PAUL LENA THIERRY LENGAGNE SANDRINE PLENET EMILIEN LUQUET NICOLAS PERRIN |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH‐1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Current address: Team “Diversity and Connectivity in Coastal Marine Landscapes,” Roscoff Biological Station, UMR 7144 CNRS – Pierre and Marie Curie University, 29682 Roscoff, France, email;3. WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH‐8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;4. University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH‐8057 Zürich, Switzerland;5. Current address: INRA/Agrocampus Ouest, UMR 1099 BiO3P, Biology of Organisms and Populations Applied to Plant Protection, Domaine de la Motte, 35653 Le Rheu, France;6. UMR 5023 Ecology of Fluvial Hydrosystems, Bat. Darwin C, Université Lyon 1, F‐69622 Villeurbanne, France |
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Abstract: | Abstract: Connectivity among populations plays a crucial role in maintaining genetic variation at a local scale, especially in small populations affected strongly by genetic drift. The negative consequences of population disconnection on allelic richness and gene diversity (heterozygosity) are well recognized and empirically established. It is not well recognized, however, that a sudden drop in local effective population size induced by such disconnection produces a temporary disequilibrium in allelic frequency distributions that is akin to the genetic signature of a demographic bottleneck. To document this effect, we used individual‐based simulations and empirical data on allelic richness and gene diversity in six pairs of isolated versus well‐connected (core) populations of European tree frogs. In our simulations, population disconnection depressed allelic richness more than heterozygosity and thus resulted in a temporary excess in gene diversity relative to mutation drift equilibrium (i.e., signature of a genetic bottleneck). We observed a similar excess in gene diversity in isolated populations of tree frogs. Our results show that population disconnection can create a genetic bottleneck in the absence of demographic collapse. |
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Keywords: | allelic richness bottleneck connectivity European tree frog gene diversity Hyla arborea isolation aislamiento conectividad cuello de botella diversidad gené tica Hyla arborea riqueza alé lica |
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