某化工厂液氯突发性泄漏风险的研究

突发性事件的救援工作是一个非常复杂的系统工程,而关键问题是及时准确地确定风险区域.本文依据某化工厂生产与贮存液氯的实际情况,对出现氯气事故性泄漏风险影响区域进行了研究.研究结果表明:风险区域不仅与氯气泄漏的源强有关,而且与事故状态下的气象条件密切相关,在风速大、不稳定的气象条件下,有害气体泄漏在空气中形成的高浓度区多分布在事故源的近距离处;而在静小风、稳定的气象条件下,高浓度区不仅持续的时间长,而且伴随着空气的稀释作用,随风力的输送向下风向飘移.因此,源强、不同区域的人口密度以及气象条件将是确定风险区域的重要因素.

Determination of the Risky Area by the Accident of Leaking Toxic and Harmful Gas

It is very complex engineering system for the emergent assistance at the leaking accident of the toxic and harmful gas, and the key to the settlement of the question lies the right determination of the potential risky area. According to the production and storage of the Chlorine in some chemical plant, the risk of leaking accident was studied in this paper. The result shows that the risky area is closely related with not only the source term, but also the meteorological conditions and the time after the accident ; the high concentration zone spread near the leaking point under the unstable and strong winding meteorological conditions, while, the high concentration zone not only lasts for a long time, but also has the transportation function under the stable and weak wind conditions, and it moves down the wind. Therefore, the source term, the population density and the time after accident should be fully considered in the determination of the risky area.