滇池柴河小流域暴雨径流氨氮的输移过程研究

氨氮通过暴雨径流的冲刷和土壤颗粒物的携带进入水体,对受纳河流、湖泊造成污染。以柴河小流域为单元,从输出源、输移过程、河道汇集过程这几个方面对2011年7、8月2场暴雨径流中的氨氮进行分析。结果表明:氨氮主要是吸附于土壤颗粒表面进行输移,所以土壤颗粒流失是氨氮流失控制的关键;氨氮浓度跟沉降时间的Pearson相关性均在-0.855(P<0.05)之上,呈显著负相关;2场暴雨中,均是颗粒物粒径小于0.000 8 mm的水样的氨氮浓度较大,说明粒径较小的颗粒物对氨氮的吸附量较大;氨氮的入河系数与污染源及输移过程氨氮含量的Pearson相关性在0.914(P<0.05)以上,说明入河系数与污染源及输移过程含量密切相关。氨氮的入河系数为0.12⁰.22,说明研究区域80%以上的氨氮被边坡、沟渠截留,效果良好,值得认真对待。

Transportation Process of Ammonia Nitrogen in Storm Runoff of Chaihe River Watershed

Ammonia nitrogen which is carried into the water by the scouring of storm runoff and soil particle has caused the pollution of lakes and rivers.Based on output,transport process and influx process of Chaihe River,ammonia nitrogen in two storm runoffs in July and August of 2011 was analyzed.Results showed that the transportation of ammonia nitrogen is mainly by adsorbing to the surface of soil particle.To control loses of soil particle is the key point of controlling the losing of ammonia nitrogen.Pearson correlations of ammonia nitrogen concentration and sedimentation time which are all above-0.855(P<0.05)is significantly negative correlation.During the two storms,the particle size that was less than 0.000 8 mm had higher density of ammonia nitrogen,which indicated that the smaller soil particle can absorb more ammonia nitrogen.The Pearson correlations of lost rate with the levels of ammonia nitrogen in pollution source and process of transportation were above 0.914(P <0.05),which indicated that the lost rate of ammonia nitrogen was closely related with the content of ammonia nitrogen in pollution sources and process of transporting.The lost rate of ammonia nitrogen was 0.12~0.22,which indicated that more than 80% of ammonia nitrogen in the research area was intercepted by the side slope and ditch.It has well effect and deserves to be taken seriously.