青藏高原克鲁克-托素湖湿地系统微生物多样性

克鲁克湖(Keluke Lake)和托素湖(Tuosu Lake)是青藏高原重要的湿地和水禽自然保护区,其水体微生物的多样性有待研究。利用Illumina测序平台进行16S rRNA基因(V3-V4区)高通量测序,并分析两湖水体微生物的群落结构和多样性。结果表明淡水克鲁克湖和咸水托素湖的物种注释OTU数目分别为331和148,获得克鲁克湖的已知细菌种类为16门34纲66属;托素湖为9门19纲54属。克鲁克湖的微生物优势类群以变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为主,次为蓝菌门(Cyanobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),其优势种群是未确定种属的蓝细菌、弓形杆菌属(Arcobacter)和盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)。托素湖的优势类群以变形菌门为主,次为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),优势种群是盐单胞菌属。克鲁克湖的微生物物种丰富度、多样性和分布均匀度均显著高于咸水托素湖,但托素湖的物种优势度明显高于克鲁克湖。两湖优势微生物的属群分布与环境因子存在明显的正相关,此为高原湿地生态系统的环境监测与保护提供参考依据。

Microbial Diversity of Keluke-Tuosu Lake Wetland Reserve in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Keluke Lake and Tuosu Lake are important wetland and waterfowl nature reserve in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, but microbial diversity within the lakes remains unknown. Microbial community structure and diversity were investigated by the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) high-throughput sequencing based on an Illumina sequencing platform. Results show that species annotation OTU (Operational taxonomic unit) numbers of Keluke Lake and Tuosu Lake are 331 and 148, belonging to known bacteria 16 phylum 34 classes 66 genera and 9 phylum 19 classes 54 genera, respectively. Microbial dominant taxa of Keluke Lake are Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and dominant bacterial populations were unclassed genera in Cyanobacteria, Arcobacter and Halomonas.Microbial dominant taxa in Tuosu Lake are Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and dominant bacterial population is Halomonas.The microbial species richness, diversity and equilibrium distribution of Keluke Lake are significantly higher than those of Tuosu Lake, but the species dominance in the latter are significantly higher than the former. The community distribution of dominant microorganisms in different lake existed obvious positive correlation with environmental factors. These results could provide some references for environmental monitoring and wetland ecosystem protection.