曹妃甸近岸表层沉积物粒度和粘土矿物分布特征研究

为探讨曹妃甸近岸海区表层沉积物粒度和粘土矿物组成和分布特征,利用激光粒度仪和X-射线衍射(XRD)分析的方法对曹妃甸近岸海区15个表层沉积物样品进行分析。结果表明:曹妃甸近岸海区沉积物以粉砂为主(45.2%),其次是砂(30.2%)和粘土(24.6%);研究区内四种粘土矿物含量依次为伊利石(55.8%)蒙皂石(24.9%)绿泥石(9.9%)高岭石(6.7%)。研究表明曹妃甸近岸表层沉积物含量和分布特征受物源、水动力等自然因素和围填海工程等人为因素共同影响;其中,围填海工程的长期实施对研究区表层沉积物中较细颗粒(粉砂和粘土)的分布影响较为明显;伊利石、高岭石和绿泥石分布特征与围填海导致的水动力改变密切相关。研究结果对曹妃甸近岸海区的沉积特征及沉积物物源、了解围填海工程对海洋沉积环境的影响有着一定的科学意义。

Research on Distribution Characteristics of Sediment Grain Size and Clay Mineral in Caofeidian Inshore, China

In order to explore the distribution characteristics of sediment grain size and clay mineral in Caofeidian inshore, China, 15 sediment samples were collected from Caofeidian inshore, and tested based on the laser particle size analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Results show that the sediment of Caofeidian inshore is mainly composed of silt (45.2%), followed by sand (30.2%) and clay (24.6%).The sediments of Caofeidian inshore are in the order of illite (55.8%) > smectite (24.9%) > chlorite (9.9%) > kaolinite (6.7%) in clay minerals. The characteristics of the surface sediments are affected by natural factors, such as the provenance and hydrodynamic and human factors such as reclamation engineering and others. The long-term large-scale reclamation engineering reclamation obviously affect the finer particles (silt and clay) distribution of surface sediment. The distribution characteristics of clay mineral (illite, kaolinite and chlorite) are closely related to the change of hydrodynamic caused by reclamation.