突变理论在研究南方丘陵山区水土流失发展过程中的应用——以江西省兴国县为例

本文试图用突变理论和突变模型解释和描述水土流失过程的特点和规律,提出水土流失过程是突变过程,并以江西省兴国县为例应用尖点型突变模型对水土流失的现状及发展过程进行模拟。根据尖点型突变模型的性质,文中提出水土流失过程具有滞后性、发散性、双模态性和突变性,最后用得到的确定性模型将水土流失分为三种状态类型,即非流失稳定状态,稳定流失状态及潜在突变状态并提出在人力和财力有限的情况下,水土保持的重点应放在轻度和中度流失区。

THE APPLICATION OF THE CATASTROPHE THEORY TO SOIL EROSION STUDY——TAKING XINGGOU COUNTY OF JIANGXI PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

In this article, an attempt is made to apply the catastrophe theory to soil erosion study. Xin Gou county is chosen as an example. There soil erosion evolution is depicted and its characteristics are explained with the theory of catastrophe. For quantitative study, a cusp catastrophe model is used to simulate the evolution process of soil erosion.On the basis of the model, some characteristics of soil erosion can be pointed out. They are catastrophe, binodality, hysteresis and divergence. A classification is made according to differnt erosion states, namely unstable erosion state, stable erosion state and the state with potential catastrophic danger. From this point of view of catastrophe theory, under the conditions of limeted labour and funds, the soil conservation measures should be focused in the areas where the soil erosion degree belongs to the light and medium categories.