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A modelling study of the effect of ammonia on in-cloud oxidation and deposition of sulphur
Institution:1. College of Mathematical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia;2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan;3. College of Mathematics and Physics, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530006, China;1. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan;3. Institute of Police Information Engineering, People’s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100084, China;4. National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;5. The Center of Nuclear and Biochemical Emergency Technical Support, Institute of Chemical Defense, China;1. Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus–Universität Weimar, Marienstrasse 15, D-99423, Weimar, Germany;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Middle East College, Muscat, Oman
Abstract:This paper considers the role of ammonia in uptake and oxidation of sulphur dioxide, illustrated by analysis of aircraft observations of a situation involving atmospheric transport in cloud over a region of high ammonia emissions. Sensitivity studies indicate how sulphur budgets and deposition can depend on ammonia emissions as well as the availability of oxidants and meteorological factors; and provide an explanation of the high deposition of sulphur observed in this case study.
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