Formic acid and acetic acid in the western Sierra Nevada,California |
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| Institution: | 1. Desert Research Institute, Energy and Environmental Engineering Center, P.O. Box 60220, Reno, NV 89509, U.S.A.;2. DGA Inc., 4526 Telephone Road, Suite 205, Ventura, CA 93009, U.S.A.;3. California Air Resources Board, P.O. Box 2815, 1102 Q Street, Sacramento, CA 95812, U.S.A.;1. Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de L’Environnement, Faculté des Sciences Exactes, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine, Algeria;2. Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Environnement, Université Savoie Mont-blanc, 73376 Le Bouget-du-Lac Cedex, France;1. The University of Danang – Campus in Kon Tum, 704 Phan Dinh Phung, Kontum, Viet Nam;2. Department of Chemistry, Hue''s University College of Education, 34 Le Loi, Hue, Viet Nam;3. Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles – UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States;4. Department of Chemistry, The University of Danang, Danang University of Science and Technology, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang, Lien Chieu, Da Nang, Viet Nam;1. Dipartimento di Biologia, Universitá degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy;2. Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Department, University of Cambridge, UK;3. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Edile, del Territorio e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e dei Materiali, Universitá degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy;5. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica, Universitá deli studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Italy;6. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Edile e Ambientale, Universitá degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy |
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| Abstract: | This paper reports the results of measurements of formic and acetic acid at four sites located along the western slope of the Sierra Nevada and compares the results with those of earlier studies. Formic acid concentrations ranged from approximately 1 to 40 ppb; those of acetic acid ranged from approximately 0.5 to 13 ppb. Mean formic acid concentrations were 18 ppb at Tehachapi, located at the southern extremity of the range, and between 12 and 13 ppb at the three other sites. Mean acetic acid concentrations ranged from 3.9 ppb at Blodgett Experimental Forest, located at the northern extremity, to 8.0 ppb at Yosemite. Comparison with previous studies indicates that carboxylic acid levels measured in the Sierra Nevada are higher than those measured in past studies, and in many cases average concentrations of both formic and acetic acids observed during this study were greater than the previously reported maxima. Comparisons were also made to nitric acid concentrations measured at Yosemite and Giant Forest from October 1986 to September 1987. At Yosemite, annual nitric acid concentrations averaged 0.20 ppb during the day, and 0.06 ppb at night; and at Giant Forest, nitric acid averaged 0.17 ppb during the day, and 0.05 ppb at night. Thus, the high formic and acetic acid concentrations observed in this study suggest that carboxylic acid are major contributors to the overall flux of ambient acid deposition in the western Sierra Nevada. |
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