Potential CFC replacements: Tropospheric lifetimes of C3 hydrofluorocarbons and hydrofluoroethers |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa;2. Department of Chemistry, Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa;1. Center of Research In Ionic Liquids, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | Attack by tropospheric hydroxyl radicals results in much shorter residence times for hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) than for the fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Empirical structure-activity relations, previously calibrated for HFCs containing two carbon atoms, are used with semi-empirical and ab initio calculations to provide realistic first estimates of tropospheric lifetimes of various chlorine-free HFCs and hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) containing three carbon atoms. The heavily fluorinated HFEs are of particular interest in that they are likely to possess thermophysical properties which are suited to a range of applications for which CFCs are currently employed. Many of the HFEs are predicted to have shorter lifetimes than HFC-134a (CF3CH2F), which is already in large-scale commercial production as an alternative refrigerant. Factors are identified which appear to favour short lifetimes for HFEs. |
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