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An approximate model of atmospheric plumes produced by large area fires
Institution:1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China;2. Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;3. Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation & School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China;2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore;3. Environmental Process Modelling Centre, NEWRI, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore;1. School of Energy Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21211, USA;3. Hunan Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation in Process Industry, Changsha 410083, China
Abstract:We develop a simple analytical model to estimate the thickness of a smoke layer formed by a plume of a large area fire and to account for crosswinds. We take advantage of the dominant flow features in the upper part of the rising plume and in the smoke layer far from the plume to model the transition of a vertical flow to a horizontally spread thin smoke (or dust) layer. A one-dimensional approximation is used to model the buoyancy decay and plume overshoot. That solution is matched and combined with a solution based on the work required to establish our asymptotic horizontal smoke layer. The solution estimates the thickness of the spreading smoke layer in a quiescent atmosphere or in an ambient wind field.
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