Assessment of Treatment Alternatives for Laboratory COD Wastewater: a Practical Comparison with Emphasis on Cost and Performance |
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Authors: | Shing Tet Leong S Muttamara Preecha Laortanakul Hung-Ta Lin |
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Institution: | (1) Environmental Engineering Program, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand;(2) 216 Soi Satsana 5, Phya Thai, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand |
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Abstract: | This study focused on investigation of treatment alternativesfor COD wastewater from academic laboratories, using a number oftechnologies including chemical reduction/precipitation, ion exchange and adsorption by chitosan. Results showed that highconcentrations of 375 mg l-1 chromium, 1,740 mg l-1mercury and 993 mg l-1 silver in COD wastewater can be reduced to 2.34 mg l-1, 3.65 mg l-1 and 1.89 mg l-1 respectively, by the chemical reduction/precipitationprocess. Results from ion exchange at a flowrate of 20 ml min-1 showed breakthrough effluent concentrations obtainedat 0.59 mg l-1 chromium, 3.92 g l-1 mercury and 0.65 mg l-1 silver corresponding to 75.6 l at 63 hr, 40.8 l at 34 hr and 33.6 l at 28 hr respectively. Kinetic and isotherm studies revealed that chitosan can adsorb Cr6+, Hg2+ and Ag+ ions most effectively at a flowrate of 20 ml min-1 and the optimum pH for feed solution is 4. Chitosan column experiments indicated that average effluent concentrations at breakthrough point for chromium, mercury andsilver are 0.76 mg l-1, 6.04 mg l-1 and 0.51 mg l-1 respectively with throughput volumes and retention times of 120 l at 100 hr, 60 l at 50 hr and 48 l at 40 hr. Results of solidification experiments for chemical sludge and residual chitosan based on compressive strength and metal leachabilitytests showed, that the acceptable ranges of the solidificationparameters were: sludge/cement = 0.1–1.0 (weight/weight), water/cement = 0.5–0.6 (weight/weight) and sand/cement = 0.5–3.0 (weight/weight). Operating cost per litre of COD wastewater treated, based on the current prices in Thailand wasfound to be Baht 19.95 for the chemical reduction/precipitationprocess, Baht 96.35 for ion exchange treatment and Baht 18.29 forchitosan adsorption. |
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Keywords: | chemical reduction/precipitation chitosan COD wastewater ion exchange resin |
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