Rigorous Calculation of Critical Flow Conditions for Pressure Safety Devices |
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| Institution: | 1. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, International Christian University (ICU), 3-10-2 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8585, Japan;2. Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan;3. Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany;4. Nanotube Research Centre, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan;5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117 576, Singapore;6. Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;7. Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom;1. Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors, Shanghai 200444, China;3. Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;4. Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China |
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| Abstract: | Sizing and verification of pressure relieving systems is an important topic in the design of process plants in order to assure equipments and people protection against malfunctions and hazards. The calculation of the critical flow (choke) condition is analysed with respect to existing standard calculations procedures (API and Omega methods) that implement approximate procedures and may not be extended to temperature/pressure regions near the thermodynamic critical point. These procedures may be replaced by a more rigorous calculation based on the evaluation of the local sonic velocity with equations of state. The method applies to systems composed of pure chemical components as well as to multi-component mixtures existing in the single phase and multi-phase regions. As a consequence of an exact calculation of the critical flow conditions, more accurate values of the discharged flowrate may be obtained. Comparisons with calculations performed using the standard API RP 520 procedure and Omega method are presented. |
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