Eco-efficiency and ecodesign in electrical and electronic products |
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| Institution: | 1. University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil;2. Technical University of Denmark, Building 426, Produktionstorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;1. University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire G-SCOP, 46 Avenue Félix Viallet, F-38031 Grenoble Cedex 1, France;2. Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Planning, Technical University Berlin, Production Technology Center, Pascalstr. 8-9, 10587 Berlin, Germany;3. European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Institute of Environment and Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;1. GOVCOPP – Research Unit in Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policy, Department of Economics, Management and Industrial Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal;2. CEFAGE – Center of Advanced Studies in Management and Economics, University of Évora, Portugal;3. Department of Economics, Management and Industrial Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal;4. CIDMA – Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications, Department of Mathematics, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | Although it had been about 10 years since eco-efficiency and Factor X were proposed, these concepts were not actually utilized in companies. Accordingly, the author proposed eco-efficiency (Factor X) indicators and has actually utilized them since 2001 in companies, and has conducted many case studies of eco-efficiency and Factor X using these indicators. However, there remains an argument: the improvement of eco-efficiency (Factor X) is due to an improvement in functions and there is still a possibility that environmental impacts increase. So, this paper begins with a brief explanation of the proposed eco-efficiency (Factor X) indicators and the case studies. Next, eco-efficiency and ecodesign are discussed. This paper analyzes the relationship between functions and environmental impacts using results of quantitative evaluations and verifies the argument quantitatively. From this analysis result, the author found that most products improved the product's functions while reducing environmental impacts. |
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