磷对不同辣椒品种镉积累、化学形态及生理特性的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了重金属Cd (10 mg·kg^-1)污染下，叶面喷施不同磷浓度(0、 0.3%、 0.5%)对不同品种辣椒生长、抗氧化酶活性及辣椒体内Cd形态和积累量的影响.结果表明，喷磷后，辣椒果实、根和叶干重和植株总干重、Cd含量及积累量在2个品种之间的差异均达到了显著水平.适量喷施磷增加了世纪朝天椒果实及植株总干重，但降低了艳椒425的果实及植株总干重.喷磷使2个品种辣椒叶CAT活性先增加，然后下降，随磷水平增加，艳椒425叶SOD和POD活性呈上升趋势，世纪朝天椒叶SOD和POD活性则呈下降趋势.辣椒果实中Cd的形态以F_NaCl> F_HAC> F_E> F_r> F_HC> F_W.喷磷明显降低了艳椒425中乙醇提取态、盐酸提取态和残渣态及Cd提取总量，但增加了世纪朝天椒中离子水提取态、醋酸盐提取态、残渣态及Cd提取总量.辣椒中Cd积累量以根>茎>叶>果实.喷施0.3%和0.5%磷使艳椒425果实Cd积累量和植株的Cd积累总量分别较对照降低了47.7%、 58.5%和5.5%、 13.1%，喷施0.5%的磷使朝天椒果实Cd的积累量也降低了23.6%.

Effect of Phosphor on Accumulation and Chemical Forms of Cadmium, and Physiological Characterization in Different Varieties of Capsicum annuum L.

Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of different Phosphor (P) levels (0, 0.3% and 0.5%) on the plant growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, accumulation and chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in Capsicum annuum L. when exposed to Cd (10 mg·kg^-1).The results showed that dry weights of leaf, fruit, roots and total dry weights of plant, and concentration and accumulation of Cd significantly differed between two varieties of Capsicum annuum L. Dry weights of fruit and total plant of Chaotianjiao increased by P (0.3% and 0.5%), while that of Yanjiao425 was inhibited. Activities of catalase (CAT) were increased at first, and then reduced in the presence of P; Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) of Chaotianjiao increased with increasing levels of P, but activities of SOD and POD of Yanjiao425 decreased with increasing levels of P. Chemical forms of Cd in fruit of Capsicum annuum L. were in order of F_NaCl> F_HAC> F_E> F_r> F_HC> F_W, The total extractable Cd, ethanol-extractable Cd, hydrochloric acid-extractable Cd and residual Cd in fruit of Ynajiao425 obviously decreased in the presence of P compared to the control, while the total extractable Cd, water-extractable Cd, acetic acid-extractable Cd and residual Cd in fruit of Chaotianjiao increased. Cadmium accumulations of Capsicum annuum L. were in order of roots>stew>leaf>fruit. Cadmium accumulations in fruit and plant of Yanjiao425 were decreased by 47.7% and 58.5%, 5.5% and 13.1% in the presence of 0.3% and 0.5% P when exposed to Cd, and Cd accumulations in fruit and plant of Chaotianjiao were decreased by 23.6% in the presence of 0.3% P.