| 英国消油剂批准和认可制度及对中国的启示研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张硕慧,吕晓燕.英国消油剂批准和认可制度及对中国的启示研究[J].环境科学与管理,2015(8):9-12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张硕慧 吕晓燕 |
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| 作者单位： | 大连海事大学,辽宁 大连,116026 |
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| 基金项目： | 2013年交通运输部海事科技项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 喷洒消油剂作为溢油应急的一种方法，简单、快速且能在大多数的海况下使用，在溢油应急中发挥了不可替代的作用。但由于消油剂是一种化学物质，对环境具有二次污染危险，所以消油剂的使用广受质疑。英国将消油剂作为主要的溢油应对措施，经过30年不断改进已形成了完善的包括消油剂在内的溢油处理产品批准和使用许可制度。通过对英国消油剂制度总结和分析，梳理并提出对中国政府主管部门改进、完善消油剂管理制度的建议。
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| 关 键 词： | 消油剂 批准和发证制度 有效性测试 毒性测试 溢油应急 |
Approval and Licensing Scheme of Dispersants in UK and Enlightenment for China |
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| Abstract: | As one of the options in oil spill response, dispersants has an irreplaceable role in many oil spill accidents.How-ever, the application of dispersants in oil spill response is questioned since dispersants has the risk of secondary pollution .The dispersants is used as a primary response method in national policy in UK .The dispersants approval scheme has been developed and improved during thirty years of usage.The approval and licensing scheme of dispersants in UK can be referred to the compe-tent administration of Chinese government in order to improve dispersants management scheme in China . |
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| Keywords: | dispersants approval and licensing scheme toxicity testing efficacy testing oil spill response |
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