Personal exposure risk factors in pedestrian accidents in Bahrain |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2, Canada;2. School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Ave., Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada;1. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;2. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;1. Department of Family Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 710 Irving Ave., Suite 200, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States;2. Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, 225 South 1400 East, Rm. 228, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States;1. French Institute of Science and Technology for Transportation, Development, and Networks (IFSTTAR), France;2. Department of Planning, Mobilities, and Environment, Mobility and Behaviour Psychology Lab, France;1. University of Bahrain, College of Health Sciences, Nursing Department-WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Development, P.O. Box: 32038, Salmanya, Bahrain;2. College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Salmanya, Bahrain;3. International Training Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Development, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, PO Box 32038, Salmanya, Bahrain;4. South Asian Cochrane Center and Network, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India |
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| Abstract: | Pedestrians are involved in traffic accidents due to many reasons. It is generally thought that personal background of pedestrians has an effect on their involvement rate in the road traffic accidents. Identifying these characteristics would lead to a better understanding of pedestrian accident pattern so that the resources in the field of education, engineering, and enforcement could be used in better ways. This study attempts to test the hypothesis mentioned earlier. The investigated personal background includes the following characteristics: gender, type, age, nationality, and educational background. The data was reduced from vast number of pedestrian injury accident reports in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The actual accident records were categorized according to these characteristics and compared to their exposure risk. It was assumed that the exposure risk, which is the expected number of accidents for each category of the pedestrians, was in proportion to their presence in the pedestrian population. Another study was carried out in parallel to observe the pedestrian characteristics in Bahrain. The results of the two studies were analyzed statistically using Chi-square method to compare the actual to the expected accident frequencies. The whole Kingdom of Bahrain population statistics were used wherever the information on the pedestrian population was not available. The findings revealed that personal characteristics considered in this study have significant influence on pedestrian’s involvement in traffic accidents. The results also showed that pedestrians with the following characteristics were probably showing risk to exposure to accidents more than other categories: male, young (0–12 years) and old (50 years and over), non-local, and those with low educational background. |
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