7075铝合金板自然环境太阳辐射热效应及影响因素分析

目的 研究典型金属材料在自然太阳辐射环境下的热效应，并分析试验件属性及环境参数等不同因素对材料热效应的影响规律。方法 通过设计自然环境下太阳辐射热效应试验方案，分析涂层颜色、粗糙度等对7075铝合金材料太阳辐射热效应的影响，建立一种太阳辐射环境下稳态温度的计算算法。结果 获取了在9月前后20 d内的外场辐照度及10组试验件的温度测量数据，得到了涂层颜色、粗糙度等对材料热效应的影响规律。此外，建立的简化算法和试验数据误差在5%以内，具有精度高、形式简单等优势，可以应用于给定辐照强度下典型材料热效应的预测。结论 针对特定试验件，辐照度和风速是影响其热效应的主要因素。当辐照强度在较高的范围内变化时，试验件温升基本和辐照度成正比。随着自然环境风速的增加，试验件温度的下降幅度减小。

Thermal Effect and Influencing Factors Analysis of 7075 Aluminum Alloy Plates in Natural Solar Radiation

The work aims to study the thermal effect of typical metal materials in the natural solar radiation environment and analyze the influence rules of different factors such as the properties of test pieces and environmental parameters. The influence of coating color, roughness, etc. on solar radiation thermal effect of 7075 aluminum alloy materials was analyzed by designing the test plan of solar radiation heat effect in natural environment, a steady temperature calculation algorithm under solar radiation environment was established. The field irradiance and temperature measurement data of 10 groups of test pieces within 20 days before and after September were obtained. Based on the data, the influence rules of coating color, roughness, etc. on thermal effect of materials were revealed. In addition, the error of the simplified algorithm and test data established in this paper was less than 5%, which had the advantages of high accuracy and simple form, could be used to predict the thermal effect of typical materials under a given irradiation intensity. For a specific test piece, irradiance and wind speed are the main factors affecting its thermal effect. When the radiation intensity changes in a high range, the temperature rise of the test piece is basically proportional to the irradiance. With the increase of wind speed in the natural environment, the temperature drop of the test piece decreases.