施石灰对新垦赤红壤化学性质和作物生长的影响

本文采用pH4.8、交换性酸2.8cmol kg~(-1),交换性Ca0.8cmol kg~(-1)的花岗岩赤红壤(荒丘),进行盆栽试验和田间试验,研究施生石灰对土壤化学性质及花生、甘薯生长的影响。结果表明,大田施用相当于交换酸60％的生石灰,可使土壤pH值在9个月内保持在5.8以上,但就提高花生产量来说,石灰用量以中和交换性酸30％为宜。土壤中Fe、Al的固P能力远比Ca大,即使施用高量的石灰,新形成的Fe-P、Al-P各为新形成Ca-P的2倍以上,同时亦有大量的O-P形成。各水平的石灰处理均显著改善花生的经济性状和品质,但产量的提高却以低水平石灰处理为显著。

EFFECTS OF LIMING ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LATOSOLIC RED SOIL AND CROP GROWTH

A new-reclaimed latosolic red soil, which had a 4.8 pH value and contained exchangeable acid 2.8 cmol kg~(-1) , was limed with the amounts of burnt lime neutralizing 30, 60 and 90 per cent of exchangeable acid. The study results showed that soil pH values remained over 5.8 for 9 months when mid-amount of lime was applied. Soluable Fe and Al adsorbed more phosphorus than soluable Ca did, for both of the amounts of newly fixed Fe-P and Al-P were double of that of Ca-P even though high level lime was applied. It was found that all lime treatments significantly improved the economic characteristics of peanut and the quality of kernel, however, only the low lime -treatmerit could significantly raised the yield of peanut pod.