济南冬季典型商业室内环境颗粒物污染特征

2010年1月31日~2月7日,利用宽范围颗粒物分光计(WPS)对济南典型商业室内环境(超市和办公室)的颗粒物数浓度进行了研究.结果显示颗粒物数浓度主要分布在爱根模态(20~100nm),济南室内颗粒物总数浓度(10~2500nm)和国外一些发达国家相当,但质量浓度高一个数量级.超市和办公室颗粒物的日变化和粒径分布研究表明,超市和办公室颗粒物浓度主要受到室外源控制,同时办公室颗粒物浓度还受到打印机使用和吸烟的影响.超市打扫卫生和频繁的顾客流动虽使粗模态颗粒物的体积浓度提升4~7倍,但仅占颗粒物总体积浓度的5%左右.办公室内打印机的使用可使室内30nm左右的颗粒物数浓度显著升高,并且在打印机结束使用后高浓度仍可维持20min左右;吸烟使办公室100nm左右颗粒物升高且可维持6h,吸烟时白天颗粒物体积浓度是无吸烟时的2.5倍,说明即使在受到室外高浓度的颗粒物控制时,这2个室内源的贡献仍不容忽视.

Indoor particle pollution feature in commercial environment of Jinan, in winter, 2010

The indoor particle pollution level in two typical commercial environments(shopping mall and commercial office) were observed using a wide-range particle spectrometer(WPS) from 30th Jan.to 7th Feb.,2010.The results showed that particles were mainly distributed in Aitken mode,and the total number concentrations were comparable to those in some developed countries but the mass concentrations were much higher.The diurnal variations of indoor particles indicated the major contribution of outdoor particle sources to indoor particle pollution level.In shopping mall,cleaning and walking could greatly elevate the volume concentration of coarse mode particles to about 4~7 times higher,but had very little influence on the total volume concentration(take 5% of the total).The use of printer could enhance the concentration of particles around 30 nm significantly and last for 20 minutes;in the tobacco smoking event,the elevated concentrations of particles around 100 nm could last for about 6 hours,and the daytime total volume concentration in smoking day was more than twice that in non-smoking day.These results indicated that even though indoor particle level was mainly influenced by outdoor sources,these two indoor sources were also important contributors.