基于数值模拟的外墙保温体系防火问题研究

针对国内现有的外墙外保温系统的防火性较差的现状，通过分析上海公寓楼外墙保温层的火灾，得到外墙外保温防火的三种重要因素（粘结或固定方式、防火隔离带的构造、防火保护面层）。鉴于现在流行的保温材料为膨胀聚苯板（EPS），因而选用EPS作为模拟材料，利用数值模拟计算得出以下结论：认为火灾时有空腔的保温层比无空腔的保温层更危险；设置防火隔离带能有效得阻隔火灾的蔓延，较宽的隔离带效果更好。除此之外，外保温层防火设计中还应考虑以下三方面的问题，即遴选适当的保温材料、建议保温层也使用类似于防火分区的防火措施和保证保温效果的同时增加防火隔离带的宽度。研究结论和建议对于解决外墙保温体系防火问题具有重要的参考价值和现实意义。

Study on the external wall insulation system for fire prevention based on numerical simulation

Aiming at the status that the domestic existing exterior insulation system had poor fire resistance, through the analysis of apartment fire by exterior wall thermal insulation layer in Shanghai, three important factors exterior insulation fireproof were obtained induding binding or fixed mode, fire belt construction, fire protection layer. In view of the popular heat preservation material like EPS, it was selected to be the simulated material, and the follow- ing conclusions were obtained by numerical simulation：it was thought that in fire cavity insulation layer is more dan- gerous than no free cavity insulation ; Setting fire belt can effectively block the spread of fire zone, and broader in- sulation belt has better effect. In addition, the design of insulation layer fire still should consider the following three problems, namely selecting proper insulation materials, suggesting insulation layer also use similar fire prevention measures liking fire compartment and increasing the midth of five bele at the same time of guaranteeing the thermal insulation. Research conclusions and recommendations for solving the problem of exterior wall thermal insulation system fire have important reference value and practical significance.