Trophodynamics and distribution of silver in a Patagonia mountain lake |
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Authors: | Revenga J E Campbell L M Kyser K Klassen K Arribére M A Ribeiro Guevara S |
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Affiliation: | a Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche (CRUB), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina b Department of Biology and School of Environmental Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6 c Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6 d Laboratorio de Análisis por Activación Neutrónica, UAIN, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica (CNEA), Bustillo 9500, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina e Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo y CNEA, Bustillo 9500, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina |
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Abstract: | Silver (Ag) ions are among the most toxic metallic ions to aquatic biota. In southern Argentina, fish from Patagonian lakes have liver Ag concentrations [Ag] among the highest ever reported globally. Silver concentration in phytoplankton from Lake Moreno (1.82 ± 3.00 μg g−1 dry weight, DW) was found to be significantly higher than [Ag] in zooplankton (0.25 ± 0.13 μg g−1). Values in snails and decapods (0.60 ± 0.28 μg g−1 and 0.47 ± 0.03 μg g−1 respectively), were higher than in insect larvae (0.28 ± 0.39 μg g−1 for Trichoptera). We examined trophic transfer of Ag in the biota using stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes ratios (δ15N and δ13C respectively). Silver concentrations in the biota of Lake Moreno were not associated with any particular C source, as assessed by δ13C. Hepatic [Ag] significantly increased with trophic position, as measured by δ15N, within the brook trout sample set. Biodilution of Ag was observed between primary producers and small forage fish when whole body [Ag] was analyzed. Nevertheless, when considering whole food web biomagnification and hepatic [Ag] of top predator fish, a significant positive regression was found between [Ag] and trophic position, as measured by δ15N. The importance of species-specific and tissue-specific considerations to obtain more information on Ag trophodynamics than that usually presented in the literature is shown. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in assessing Ag trophodynamics and tissue-specific biomagnification in a whole freshwater food web. |
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Keywords: | Stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes Silver trophodynamics Silver pollution Nahuel Huapi National Park Lake Moreno Argentina |
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