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Analysis and characterization of cultivable heavy metal-resistant bacterial endophytes isolated from Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. and their potential use for phytoremediation
Authors:Luo Sheng-lian  Chen Liang  Chen Jue-liang  Xiao Xiao  Xu Tao-ying  Wan Yong  Rao Chan  Liu Cheng-bin  Liu Yu-tang  Lai Cui  Zeng Guang-ming
Affiliation:a State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
b College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
c Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
d Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Ecological Diagnosis-Remediation and Pollution Control, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Abstract:This study investigates the heavy metal-resistant bacterial endophytes of Cd-hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. grown on a mine tailing by using cultivation-dependent technique. Thirty Cd-tolerant bacterial endophytes were isolated from roots, stems, and leaves of S. nigrum L. and classified by amplified ribosomal DNA-restriction analysis into 18 different types. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that these isolates belonged to four groups: Actinobacteria (43%), Proteobacteria (23%), Bacteroidetes (27%) and Firmicutes (7%). All the isolates were then characterized for their plant growth promoting traits as well as their resistances to different heavy metals; and the actual plant growth promotion and colonization ability were also assessed. Four isolates were re-introduced into S. nigrum L. under Cd stress and resulted in Cd phytotoxicity decrease, as dry weights of roots increased from 55% to 143% and dry weights of above-ground from 64% to 100% compared to the uninoculated ones. The total Cd accumulation of inoculated plants increased from 66% to 135% (roots) and from 22% to 64% (above-ground) compared to the uninoculated ones. Our research suggests that bacterial endophytes are a most promising resource and may be the excellent candidates of bio-inoculants for enhancing the phytoremediation efficiency.
Keywords:Heavy metal-resistant bacterial endophytes   Solanum nigrum L.   Phylogenetic analysis   Phytoremediation
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