贵州喀斯特峰丛区石漠化土地调查与评价——以毕节老街村为例

脆弱喀斯特生态环境在人口压力和不合理经济活动作用下日益恶化, 土地石漠化已成为喀斯特地区最严重的生态环境问题之一, 直接威胁着当地居民的生存与发展。在对老街村进行实地踏勘和采样的基础上, 调用SPSS软件分析,结果显示:地形坡度、表土层厚度、岩石裸露程度是引起该区土地景观分异的主导因素, 其方差累积贡献率达81.224%。在此基础上, 以地貌面、土壤类型、裸石景观特点为主导标志，并结合灌草分布, 以GPS为定位手段, 借助GIS平台, 完成老街村土地类型单元调查和制图; 并利用多因子得分的几何平均数综合评价石漠化土地适宜性, 评价结果与实际吻合较好, 为土地生态设计和生态修复奠定基础。

SURVEY AND APPRAISAL ON ROCKY DESERTIFICATION LAND IN KARST FENGCONG DEPRESSION AREAS OF GUIZHOU——A CASE STUDY OF LAOJIE VILLAGE, BIJIE CITY

Due to the population pressure and the non rational economic activities, the fragile karst ecological environment has become worsened, and the land rocky desertification has become one of the most serious ecological environment problems in the karst area, intimidating the survival and development of local residents. By means of on the spot and ample survey in Laojie village of Bijie City in Guizhou Province, it is revealed that the terrain slope and the thickness of surface soil layer and the rock exposed degree are leading factors of land landscape succession in this area, with their contributing rate being up to 81.224%. On this basis, using the landform surface and the soil types as leading symbols, combining distribution characters in shrubbery grass and the bare stone landscape, and taking GPS as the location method with GIS for the aid platform, a complete survey and charting of land types were achieved for Laojie village, and the rocky desertification land in the village was appraised. The research provides foundation for ecological planning and restoration of rocky desertification land in karst area.