基于DEA方法的耕地利用效率分析

引入了数据包络分析（DEA）测度1997~2004年我国耕地利用效率，该方法可以使用多项投入和多项产出指标，弥补了当前对耕地利用效率测度只考虑单项投入和产出指标的不足；并将耕地利用效率分解为纯技术效率和规模效率以剖析耕地生产效率变化的源泉；最后利用计量经济模型分析了影响耕地利用效率变化的因素。研究结果表明：1997~2004年我国耕地利用效率存在着一定的波动性，平均综合技术效率为0732，耕地利用效率整体不高；从综合技术效率的构成来看，综合技术效率的变化趋势和纯技术效率基本一致，这表明耕地利用效率的变化主要是由纯技术效率的变化引起的；同时各个行政区间的耕地利用效率也存在着很大的差异；影响耕地利用效率的因素很多，按照影响程度从大到小排序是：耕地资源禀赋、经济发展水平、自然条件、农业生产条件。

ANALYSIS ON CULTIVATED LAND USE EFFICIENCY BASED ON DEA

This article calculated cultivated land use efficiency of China in 1997~2004 using the method of data envelopment analysis(DEA),which could set multi input and output indexes,avoiding inadequacy of using only one input and output index.The cultivated land use efficiency was divided into two categories:pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency for seeking the cause of the change of land production efficiency.Finally,according to OLS impacting factors cultivated land use efficiency were analyzed.The results suggest that the calculated use efficiency fluctuated in 1997~2004,the average efficiency was 0.732,which indicates land use efficiency was low.Cultivated land use efficiency and pure technical efficiency had the same change trend,which farther shows that the change of cultivated land use efficiency mainly induced by pure technical efficiency.Meanwhile,cultivated land use efficiency was different among 31 provinces in China.There are many factors impacted on land use efficiency,which can be lined as follows from high degree to low,natural conditions of cultivated land resources,the distribution of cultivated land resource,the development of economy,natural environment and agricultural production conditions.