黄土塬区旱作冬小麦增产潜力研究

在长期冬小麦潜势试验和肥料试验的基础上 ,建立了作物光温水肥产量模型 ,从光温生产潜力、旱作产量潜势、现阶段施肥水平下光温水肥产量潜力和目前试区产量现状共4个层次 ,对黄土塬区旱作冬小麦的增产潜力进行了分析。结果指出 ,目前黄土塬区冬小麦实际产量仅达到了光温潜力的41 6 %、旱作产量潜势的49 3 %、试区施肥水平下光温水肥产量潜力的78 6 %。因此 ,采用合理施肥方式和加强田间管理 ,黄土高原塬区旱作冬小麦还有较大的增产潜力。

On potential yield increase of dryland winter wheat on the loess tableland

The grain yield of dryland crops had been increased extensively on loess tableland after adopting new agricultural technologies which were introduced during the Seventh and Eighth Five Year Plan periods.But during the Ninth Five Year Plan,the grain yield still fluctuated around the previous level.So both government and farmers are very concerned about the potential yield increase,especially yield of winter wheat,and how to do.Based on data obtained from long term yield potential and fertility experiments in situ,the model for calculating sunlight temperature water fertility yield of dryland winter wheat was established,and the potential yield increase was also analyzed from four yield levels.They are sunlight temperature yield productivity,sunlight temperature water yield potential,sunlight temperature water fertility yield and the present yield on experimental plot.The results indicated that the present yield of winter wheat on loess tableland region only reached 41.6% of the sunlight temperature yield productivity,49 3% of the sunlight temperature water yield potential and 78.6% of the sunlight temperature water fertility yield.At last we believe that the yield of winter wheat on loess tableland region can continuously increase and reach a new higher level by means of reasonably increasing soil fertility and better field management.