不同养分对磷酸盐固定的污染土壤中铜锌生物有效性的影响

采用盆栽试验,在磷酸盐固定铜、锌单一及复合的三级污染(Cu 200 mg·kg^-1、Zn 400 mg·kg^-1)红壤和水稻土中,种植黑麦草40　d,测定不加养分、加入KCl和NH₄Cl、K₂SO₄和(NH₄)₂SO₄后土壤中有效态铜锌含量、黑麦草生物量及其铜锌吸收量,以讨论养分对污染土壤中磷酸盐固定态铜锌的活化作用.结果表明,磷酸盐固定的铜单一、锌单一和铜锌复合污染红壤中,增加养分,有效态铜锌的含量都较未加入养分的增高,并且养分KCl和NH₄Cl的增高幅度大于K₂SO₄和(NH₄)₂SO₄,其中在磷酸盐固定的锌单一污染红壤中,有效态锌含量较未加入养分时增幅高达133.4%.虽然加入K₂SO₄和(NH₄)₂SO₄,促进了红壤中黑麦草植株的生长,最大增幅达22.2%,但同时也增加了植株21.5%～112.6%的铜锌吸收量.调节养分对水稻土中铜锌的生物有效性没有显著影响.施入氮钾等养分能够改变磷酸盐固定的污染红壤中铜锌的生物有效性,对固定的铜锌都有活化作用.因此,在重金属污染土壤的修复中要充分考虑施肥等养分条件对固定钝化的重金属活性的影响.

Changes in Bio-availability of Immobilized Cu and Zn Bound to Phosphate in Contaminated Soils with Different Nutrient Addition

Bio-availability of Cu and Zn fixed by phosphate in contaminated soils with application of nutrients were measured by pot experiment. It was simulated for the third national standardization of copper and zinc polluted soils by adding copper and zinc nitrate into red and paddy soils,respectively and together. Phosphate amendment was added to the soils to fix Cu and Zn,then added KCl and NH4Cl or K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 fertilizers following to plant Ryegrass,which was harvested after 40 d. Available Cu/Zn conten...