中国主要电子废物产生量估算

在分析了电子废物类型及其可能造成的主要环境问题的基础上。根据电子电器产品的销量、社会保有量以及产品寿命期等因子建立模型对我国2000-2010年间的电脑、电视机、冰箱、洗衣机、空调等5大类电子电器产品的年度废弃量进行估算。结果显示到2003年电脑年度废弃量达到447万台，总体呈增长趋势；电视机、冰箱的废弃量在2003年分别达到4229万台和976万台；洗衣机年度废弃量有一定波动。大约在2005年达到一个高峰，废弃量为1521万台；空调废弃量相对于其他家电较少，但一直处于稳步增长期。并在此基础估算了我国2003年主要电子废物中的可回收资源含量。量大而且增长较快的电子废物的处置和资源再生化将是我国电子废物管理面临的一个难题。

Estimation of WEEE Generation in China

On the basis of the types of waste electric and electronic equipment(WEEE) and the associated environmental problems,an estimation model was established to show the generation of obsolete personal computers(PC),television sets,refrigeratories,washing machines and air-conditioners in the period of 2000 to 2010.The factors included in this model involve sales,stock levels and lifetime of products.Results show that in 2003,5.47 million PCs were obsoleted.The obsolete rate increased to height in the period of 2002 to 2004.In 2003,the yearly used television sets and refrigeratories reached 33.5 million and 9.76 million respectively.The yearly used washing machine presents a fluctuation curve with a high of 15.21 million in 2005.The used air-conditioners are relatively less in quantity than other home appliances.But the quantity will be increasing stablely.According to the above results,materials that can be recycled from the WEEE obsoleted on 2003 were estimated.In a word,the huge amount of WEEE with a high speed of obsoletion will be a great challenge for the WEEE management in China.