铜陵铜尾矿废弃地定居植物及基质理化性质的变化

通过野外调查与室内分析，研究了铜陵铜尾矿废弃地上可定居的植物及几种优势植物群落基质的理化性质。研究调查结果表明：在铜陵各尾矿（库）场上，共有30科96属122种植物。禾本科、菊科与豆科中的草本植物，是铜陵铜尾矿废弃地自然定居的先锋植物，具匍匐茎或地下茎的植物或具固氮能力或具种子小、易传播的特性植物，适宜在铜尾矿废弃地定居成活；几种优势植物群落基质的理化性质较未复垦区及酸化区得到明显的改善，其pH值得到缓和，N、Ｐ、有机质营养成份含量增加，重金属铜的含量下降。

PLANT COLONIZATION ON COPPER TAILINGS AND THE CHANGE OF THE PHYSIO-CHEMISTRY PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE IN TONGLING CITY, ANHUI PROVINCE

By field investigation and laboratory analysis, the natural colonizing plants on the copper tailings and the physio-chemistry properties of substrate where several pioneer communities were colonized on copper tailings derelict land in Tongling City were studied by the authors. The results showed that there were 122 species of plants, belonging to 96 genera, 30 families, which colonized on the several main copper tailings ponds. The herb plants of Gramineae, Compositae and Leguminosae are the natural pioneer plant colonizing on the copper tailings, with characteristics of stoloniferous or subterraneous stems or nitrogen fixation ability or with little seeds propagated to colonize and grow successfully on the copper tailings. The physio-chemistry properties of the substrates for the plant dominant communities were improved obviously than the spots of the non-reclaimation and acid areas, namely the pH values were ameliorated and the concentration of nutrient matters such as total N,total P and organic matter increased and the concentrat of the (heavy ) metals such as Cu decreased.