基于生境适宜度的成都震后大熊猫生境评价

通过分析大熊猫生境适宜度指标,评价“5512汶川大地震”对成都地震灾区大熊猫生境的影响并提出恢复措施. 结合大熊猫生境的物理环境、生物环境和压力三方面因素建立评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定评价指标权重,并利用GIS空间叠加分析对大熊猫生境适宜度进行综合评价,将结果分为最适宜、适宜、较不适宜和不适宜4种类型. 对比地震前后大熊猫生境适宜度变化显示:震后大熊猫生境的景观破碎化程度明显增加,生态廊道受到不同程度的破坏,大熊猫适宜生境面积减少,其中,彭州市龙门山镇变化最大,适宜生境减少2 729.5 hm2;其次为都江堰市虹口乡、龙池镇与彭州市小鱼洞镇,其适宜生境分别减少1 760.4,303.5和241.1 hm2. 针对研究结果,提出恢复重建的优先次序以及需要生态修复的重点区域,给出优先采取工程和生物措施,并辅助以自然恢复的修复手段. 

Assessment of Giant Panda Habitat after the Chengdu Earthquake Based on Habitat Suitability

Through analysis of the habitat suitability index for giant pandas, the impact of the May 12, 2008, Wenchuan earthquake on panda habitats in the earthquake-stricken areas of Chengdu was assessed, and recovery measures were proposed. The results show that the areas could be categorized as four types: most suitable, suitable, less suitable and not suitable, based on the establishment of an evaluation index system combining factors such as physical environment, biological environment and pressure on panda habitat, and using an evaluation index weight determined by Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） and comprehensive assessment by GIS spatial overlay analysis. In comparing the panda habitat suitability before and after the earthquake, the results indicate that the landscape fragmentation of panda habitats apparently increased; the biological corridors were damaged at different levels and the area suitable for panda habitation decreased after the earthquake. The area in Longmenshan town in Pengzhou city incurred the most serious damage, with the area of suitable habitat reduced by 2729.5 hm2, followed by Hongkou and Longchi town in Dujiangyan city and Xiaoyudong town in Pengzhou city, with the area of suitable habitat reduced by 1760.4, 303.5 and 241.1 hm2, respectively. Based on these research findings, priority areas for ecological recovery and reconstruction are proposed. Key areas in need of ecological recovery are selected, and engineering and biological measures with top priority are determined, supplemented by natural recovery approaches.