滇中典型工矿业城市大气干湿沉降重金属等元素特征及健康风险评价

为研究滇中地区典型工矿业城市大气干湿沉降元素特征及健康风险，选择安宁市2019年6月至2020年7月间采集的大气干湿沉降物为研究对象，分别测定了干、湿沉降中TN、F、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、P、As和Hg这11个指标含量，计算了大气年沉降通量，并采用暴露风险模型评估了其对人体健康风险.结果表明：1大气干沉降物中除Cr、Ni和As，元素F、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb和Hg的含量平均值显著高于安宁市表层土壤元素含量，其分别为5.82、3.00、28.27、57.53、2.83和1.08倍；湿沉降物中F和TN平均含量超过地表水Ⅴ类水标准值；2 TN年沉降通量最高，8种重金属元素的年沉降通量从小到大依次为：Hg-6，不存在致癌性风险或风险较小.因此需加强对区内工矿企业大气重金属排放的严格管控.

Characteristics of Heavy Metals and Other Elements in Atmospheric Dry and Wet Deposition and Health Risk Assessment of a Typical Industrial and Mining City in Central Yunnan

In order to study the characteristics of atmospheric dry and wet deposition elements and the health risks of typical industrial and mining cities in central Yunnan, the atmospheric dry and wet depositions collected from June 2019 to July 2020 in Anning city were selected as the research object and measured. The contents of the 11 indexes TN, F, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, P, As, and Hg were determined, the annual atmospheric deposition flux was calculated, and the exposure risk model was used to assess the risk to human health. The results showed that:1 In addition to Cr, Ni, and As in the atmospheric dry sediments, the average contents of the elements F, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Hg were significantly higher than those of the surface soil in Anning City, which were 5.82, 3.00, 28.27, 57.53, 2.83, and 1.08 times higher, respectively. The average contents of F and total nitrogen in wet deposition exceeded the standard value of surface water V-class water. 2 The annual atmospheric deposition flux of total nitrogen was the highest, and the annual deposition flux of eight heavy metal elements from smallest to largest was Hg-6, thus, there was little or no carcinogenic risk. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the strict control of atmospheric heavy metal emissions from industrial and mining enterprises in this region.