Lichen biomonitoring of metals in the San Rossore park: Contrast with previous pine needle data

The epiphytic lichen Parmelia caperata collected in San Rossore park was analyzed for trace elements. Metal deposition in the park was found to be low throughout the year. A slight increase in Cu, Co, and Ni occurred at the east-southeastern edge of the park adjacent to Pisa. Lichens ware not affected by the sea-spray which has destroyed the coastal vegetation. The contrast with the results of previous pine needle biomonitoring is discussed.