Application of a permethrin immunosorbent assay method to residential soil and dust samples |
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Authors: | Jane C Chuang Jeanette M Van Emon Margaret E Tefft Nancy K Wilson |
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Institution: | 1. Battelle , Columbus, Ohio, USA;2. National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Las Vegas, Nevada, USA;3. Battelle , Durham, North Carolina, USA |
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Abstract: | A low-cost, high throughput bioanalytical screening method was developed for monitoring cis/trans-permethrin in dust and soil samples. The method consisted of a simple sample preparation procedure sonication with dichloromethane followed by a solvent exchange into methanol:water (1:1)] with bioanalytical detection using a magnetic particle enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative recoveries (83–126 %) of cis/trans-permethrin were obtained for spiked soil and dust samples. The percent difference of duplicate ELISA analyses was within ± 20 % for standards and ± 35 % for samples. Similar sample preparation procedures were used for the conventional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis except that additional cleanup steps were required. Recoveries of cis/trans-permethrin ranged from 81 to 108 % for spiked soil and dust samples by GC/MS. The ELISA-derived permethrin concentrations were highly correlated with the GC/MS-derived sum of cis/trans-permethrin concentrations with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.986. The ELISA method provided a rapid qualitative screen for cis/trans-permethrin in soil and dust while providing a higher sample throughput with a lower cost as compared to the GC/MS method. The ELISA can be applied as a complementary, low-cost screening tool to prioritize and rank samples prior to instrumental analysis for exposure studies. |
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Keywords: | Human exposure cis-permethrin trans-permethrin immunoassay ELISA soil dust |
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