锆改性高岭土原位改良技术控制重污染河道底泥磷释放效果

采用锆对高岭土进行改性,通过批量吸附实验考察了锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附性能,并通过底泥培养实验考察了锆改性高岭土原位改良技术对底泥磷释放的控制效果.结果表明,锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力随改性所用锆投加量的增加而增加.在制备锆改性高岭土过程中,溶液沉淀p H值由8增加到10时,锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力增加;沉淀p H值由10增加到11时,锆改性高岭土对磷的吸附能力基本不变;沉淀p H值由11增加到12时,锆改性高岭土的吸磷能力则下降.沉淀p H值为10时制备得到的锆改性高岭土对水中磷酸盐的吸附平衡数据可以采用Langmuir模型加以描述.大部分被锆改性高岭土中锆所吸附的磷酸盐(84%左右)主要以Na OH提取态磷(Na OH-P)和残渣态磷(Res-P)形态存在,低溶解氧情况下不容易被重新释放出来,同时重污染河道底泥会释放出大量的溶解性磷酸盐进入上覆水体;向重污染河道底泥中添加锆改性高岭土可以极大地削减底泥中磷向上覆水体迁移的通量.采用锆改性高岭土对底泥进行改良不仅增强了底泥对水中磷的吸附能力,而且降低了底泥的磷吸附-解吸平衡浓度(EPC0).因此,应用锆改性高岭土作为底泥改良剂可以有效控制重污染河道底泥磷释放.

Efficiency of Sediment Amendment with Zirconium-Modified Kaolin Clay to Control Phosphorus Release from Sediments in Heavily Polluted Rivers

A zirconium-modified kaolin clay (ZrMK) was prepared and used as a sediment amendment to control the release of phosphorus (P) from sediments in heavily polluted rivers under low dissolved oxygen (DO) condition.Results showed that the ZrMK exhibited excellent adsorption performance of phosphate in water.The phosphate adsorption capacity of the ZrMK increased with the increasing of loading amount of zirconium in the ZrMK.The phosphate adsorption capacity of the ZrMK increased with the increase of the precipitated pH value from 8 to 10, remained basically unchangeable with the increase of the precipitated pH value from 10 to 11, but decreased with the increase of the precipitated pH value from 11 to 12.The phosphate equilibrium adsorption data of the ZrMK can be better described by the Langmuir isotherm model than the Freundlich isotherm model when the ZrMK was prepared with the precipitated pH value 10.Sequential extraction of P from the phosphate-adsorbed ZrMK showed that most of phosphate-P bound by the ZrMK (about 84% of total P) existed in the form of the metal oxide P (NaOH-P) and residual P (Res-P), which was unlikely to be released under hypoxia and common pH (5-9) conditions.The fluxes of phosphate-P and total P (TP) from sediments into the overlying water column were greatly reduced with the adding of ZrMK to sediments under low dissolved oxygen conditions.The ZrMK-amended sediments exhibited much higher phosphate adsorption capacity than the original sediments, and the former had much lower phosphate adsorption/desorption equilibrium concentration (EPC₀) than the latter.Our findings suggest that the ZrMK can be used as an efficient sediment amendment for controlling P release from sediments in heavily polluted rivers under low dissolved oxygen conditions.