土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响--以武汉市为例

分析了1996～2001年武汉市快速城市化区域土地利用/土地覆盖变化，并计算由此导致的生态系统服务价值变化。应用Costanza生态系统服务价值计算公式，采用谢高地等人的中国陆地生态系统单位面积生态服务价值表进行计算，结果发现：①在研究期内，研究区耕地、草地、水域和未利用地在减少，其中耕地减少最多，达12.32×103 hm2，林地、湿地和建设用地在增加，建设用地增加最多，为11.70×103 hm2；②ESV由1996年的457.74×107元减少到2001年的456.14×107元，5年减少1.61×107元；③生态系统单项服务功能价值中的气体调节、气候调节、原材料和娱乐文化在增加，气候调节增幅最大，达8.51%，水源涵养、土壤形成和保护、废物处理、生物多样性保护和食物生产在减少，食物生产减幅最大，达7.42%；④敏感性分析表明，ESV对生态价值系数(Value Coefficient， VC)缺乏弹性，研究结果可信。

EFFECTS OF LAND USE CHANGE ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES VALUE--A CASE STUDY IN WUHAN CITY

The objective of this paper is to analyze the land use and land cover change and to examine their effects on ecosystem services value(ESV) in the rapid urbanization area of Wuhan City by interpreting 1996 and 2001 Landsat TM remote sensing images.The methods are based on ESV computing formula and ESV coefficients. The following results and conclusions could be obtained:(1)From 1996 to 2001,the area of cultivated land, grassland，water area and unutilized land decreased, while woodland, wetland and build up land increased;(2)The total value of ecosystem services of the study area declined from ￥457.74×107 in 1996 to ￥456.14×107 in 2001,with the net decline of ￥1.61×107 during the 5 year time period;(3)The contribution of various ecosystem functions to the overall value of the ecosystem services comes from the increase in gas regulation, climate regulation, raw materials and recreation, while water conservation, soil formation and disposition, waste treatment, bio diversity conservation and food production had a decreased effect;(4)The sensitivity analysis suggested that these estimates are relatively robust.