中国地震地下水动态网的科学创新与应用前景

中国地震地下水动态观测网是我国仅次于测震网的第二大地震前兆观测系统.它的建成与运转,在国内外引起了广泛的重视与浓厚的兴趣,其原因不仅是由于此网建设投资少,建成快、成效大而被国家地震局授予科学技术进步一等奖,更重要的是它的建设思想充分总结了我国经验,扬长避短,有许多重要的科学创新与广阔的应用前景.本文列出中国地震地下水动态观测网主要的五大科学创新:"自身放大"观念、"灵敏点"观念、"有效层"观念、"地壳放气"观念与"微动态"观念等.这些新观念组合在一起建立了一个新的科学概念,开辟了一个新的科学领域,它将拓宽人们的认识,并将地下水领域的研究引向一个新时期.

SCIENTIFIC ORIGINALITIES AND APPLICATIONS OF THE GROUNDWATER OBSERVATION WELL-NETWORK FOR EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION IN CHINA

The groundwater observation well-network for earthquake prediction in China is the largest precursory observation system except the seismograph array. The money invested in the setting up of the well-network is little and the time taken is short comparing with other measurements. The well-network which was awarded the first prize for science-technology advance by the State Seismological Bureau, has produced great effectivenesses. In particularly, the thoughts for the well-network establishment which have summarized fully the experience on earthquake prediction in China as well as developed the strong points and avoided the weak points, have several important originalities in science and show wide applying potentialities. As a result, seismologists home and abroad have paid extensive attention to and shown great interest in the completion and in operation of the well-network. The major originalities described in this paper consist of five aspects which are the amplification by the well-aquifer system itself, sensitive point, efficient layer, gas releasing in the crust, and micro-behavior. The combination of these thoughts has yielded a new scientific conception and opened up an updated scientific research domain, Thus a new era for studying the groundwater and broadening the understanding has started.