基于防止热污染的湖南地区滞流水体热承载能力研究

水源热泵由于其良好的节能性,近年来得到越来越广泛的应用,但如果应用不当会造成水体的热污染,影响水体的生态环境。以用于水源热泵的湖南地区滞流水体作为研究对象,以防止热污染作为出发点,利用建立的水温模型研究了湖南地区的滞流水体水温变化规律,计算了湖南地区湖泊水体对水源热泵系统夏季冷凝热的热承载能力与冬季热泵系统从水体取热时水体的供热能力(冷承载能力),并且对冷热承载能力的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:深度不足2 m的滞流水体在冬季热承载能力有限,作为冬季热源要谨慎对待;对于湖南地区,夏季水体作为水源热泵的冷源在以5个城市为代表的5个分区中差别不明显,但在冬季使用水体作为水源热泵的热源时,越往南越适合,其中以衡阳为代表的湘东南地区优于其他地区。

Study on the heat carrying capacity of stagnant water in Hunan Province to prevent heat pollution

The given paper intends to take the stagnant water in Hunan for water source heat pumping device as the goal for research in hoping to prevent or at least to reduce the thermal pollution in this way. As a matter of fact,water-source available heat pump has been widely used in recent years in view of its energy consumption. Nevertheless,if improperly used,it would be likely to cause the heat pollution of the stagnant water and in turn to be harmful to the ecological environment of the water bodies. It is just for the said reason that the present author began to study the variation characteristic features of the temperature of the stagnant waters in the Province,particularly on the lake water source heat pumps. What is more,we have also calculated and analyzed the supply evaporation heat of the water heat pumps in the Province with the influential factors of the cold /heat interchangeable capacity by means of the built-in water temperature model. The results gained from our comparative examination between the calculated results and the measured results let us find that the thermos transfer between the stagnant water and the living and other kinds of environment is in a position to reflect the heat transfer process in the actual water environment,in which the water evaporation surface can directly influence the thermos transfer capabilities of the water bodies. Based on the aforementioned study results of the paper,we have found that the heat /cold interchangeable bearing capacity of the stagnant waters depends on the heat dissipation of the water surface and the thermal storage capacity of the water bodies. In addition,with the increase of the water depth,it would be possible for the water thermal storage capacity to get enhanced, so as to improve and heighten the cold /heat bearing capacity of the water body greatly. For the stagnant water whose depth is less than 2 m in the province,we suggest that it should be treated carefully as a heat source in winter due to its limited heat bearing capacity. On the other hand,for the case of farther south,such as in Hengyang urban area,it would be possible to use the water source heating pump to increase the heat supply particularly in in winter days,which seems better than in other areas of the province.