吊拖船队通过限制性顺直航段安全限制因素研究

为了保障吊拖船队通过顺直航道的航行安全,充分考虑吊拖船队的柔性结构特征和航道条件,深入研究限制性航道顺直航段航道特点,运用船舶操纵与引航理论,建立以吊拖船队为研究对象的顺直航段航道宽度计算模型,从而确定针对航道宽度的吊拖船队通过顺直航段的安全限制因素,运用实船试验数据和现有航道维护尺度对建立的公式进行验算。提出了符合我国运河航道条件和吊拖船队航行特点的运河限制性航道顺直航段航道宽度计算公式,以期为保障吊拖船队在顺直航道安全航行提供理论支撑,弥补我国运河以吊拖船队为主要船型的航道技术尺度计算方面的不足。

On the safety factors involving the towing fleet navigation through restricted and straight-crossing channels

The given article intends to develop and propose a width calculation formula for the restricted and straight channel navigation and crossing in accordance with the differrent channel conditions and the navigation characteristic features of the towing fleet in hoping to contribute a theoretical support to the safety of navigation in the restricted and /or straight channels by compensating for the deficiency of the channel-scale calculation of the towing fleets. Thus,for the said purpose,we have established a restricted and straight channel scale calculation model for such fleets based on the yaw angle (α) and the distance between the external rim of the fleet and the channel edge (d) confirmed by the safety factors the navigation of the towing fleet may involve. Taking into full acount the flexible structural features of the hanging towing fleet and the channel condition,we have made a thorough research of the navigation features of the fleet cross-sailing in the restricted and straight channel via the ship maneuverability and piloting theory. Then,the relationship between the required navigation width and the scale of the towing fleet has been identified and determined as a result of thorough calculation and analysis of the different yaw angles (α) and the distance between the external rim of the fleet and the channel edge (d) tested via a software. Furthermore,the chart analysis proves that the safety factor yaw angle (α) and the distance between the external rim of the fleet and the channel edge (d) can be controlled within 2° and 0. 15 times of the width of the track belt of the fleet. Say,if the scale of the towing fleet is beyond 3 000 m,the yaw angle (α) and the distance between them should be controlled within 1° and 0. 1 times of the width of the track belt of the fleet. And,finally, the model we have proposed has been examined and checked by the known dimensions of the channel,so as for the model to be proven much stricter and more accurate than the currently adopted standard.