基于同时仪表进近的航空器在特情下的碰撞风险模型研究

同时仪表进近模式可有效提高平行跑道的容量,但发生特情时会造成极为严重的后果,因此研究在特殊情况下基于同时仪表进近模式的航空器碰撞风险具有重要意义。首先,与首都机场进近管制员沟通,总结了4种可能会发生的特情,其次,建立基于位置误差概率的同时仪表进近模式下的航空器在特殊情况下的碰撞风险模型,模型最关键的位置误差和速度参数根据采集的实际运行航空器航迹的ADS-B数据得到,其他参数为国际民航推荐值或本地区一线管制员的经验值,然后运用MATLAB软件进行仿真,得出发生特情时每个时刻的碰撞风险,从而得出整个过程碰撞风险的变化趋势。

On the collision risk prevention model of the aircraft based on the simultaneous flying control instrument approach in the special cases

This article intends to establish a model for assessing the collision risk of the aeroplanes in the simultaneous instrument approach mode under the special situations so as to ensure the air craft flying safety.To achieve the said purpose,first of all,we have to keep the regular communications with the air-way commanding center of the Beijing Capital Airport so as to have a comprehensive idea of the flying operation characteristic features of the simultaneous instrument approach mode and the likely-to-come special situations in the actuality.It is only in so-doing that it would be possible for us to generalize the four kinds of likely-to | appearig specific situations.That is to say,if there exists any risk probability for any two airplanes to overlap simultaneously in the lateral,longitudinal or vertical directions,the liability of the collision risk should be identified and determined by using the collision risk model in the corresponding directions.According to the aforementioend situations,it would be possible for us to establish the flying movement state equations of the aircraft in such a simultaneous instrument approach mode so as to work out the theoretically relative distance between the two airplanes.In case the aeroplane is under way of flight,the pilots and the airport aviation controllers have to identify and determine the actual position of the flight in the following ways:For the pilot,the actual position can usually be determined by using the on-board control instruments,whereas,for the airport commanders,the position can be mainly determined and controlled via Radar or through the airport communication with the pilots.Nevertheless,there always exist the position evaluation errors in the particular cases with the side by-side two aeroplanes.Such evaluation or calculation difference or gap may directly influence the actual distance control of the two aeroplanes,so that it may lead to the collision risks.Therefore,the focus of the present study has to be put on the collision likeliness between any two airoplanes,beginning with their likely closeness according to the collision risk model.The most critical position errors and those of the velocity control parameters in the model have been gained based on the ADS-B data of the aircraft trajectories acquired.The other related parameters we have quoted upon the recommendation by the International Civil Aviation Organizations and the experience recordings of the air-flight controllers.And,finally,the simulation results show that the collision risk of the aeroplanes under the special cases may take place at any moment in a great variety of probabilities,which implies that under the condition of the multiple parameters,it is safe to operate the simultaneous instrument approach mode.In that case,the width of the so-called No Transgression Zone should be big e nough to ensure the safety of any two aeroplanes in any special moments.The 50 rounds of simulated tests and their verification brought about here prove that the conclusion we have gained is consistent with the evaluation results.Thus,the model we have developed in this paper can provide a theoretical support for the safety operation of the simultaneous instrument approach mode.